Excellent article.
I learned a little bit about input types at my first job as a UX designer. Now I notice when developers haven't thought about this issue at all and make it really hard for a user to input content.
Having used both an iOS keyboard and an Android keyboard, I find typing overall MUCH easier on Android. GBoard has outstanding autocorrect and suggestions and the interactions are much more helpful. I dread having to type anything on my iPod Touch, I spend more time trying to fix things and try to work around the bizarre interaction choices for correcting words and adding spaces.